Mars: Red Planet Star

If you're here already, you probably already something or the other about Mars; but just in case you don't, here's a small list of factoids about the red desert planet of the solar system, should you be curious.

• Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System, and is classified as a terrestrial planet.
• It's the second-smallest planet in our system in diameter, but the fifth greatest in mass, and the fourth most dense.
• Mars is comprised of a dense core made of nickel, iron, and sulfur. Said core is surrounded by a rocky mantle that ranges between 1240 and 1880kms thick, and above that, a crust of magnesium, aluminium, calcium, potassium, and iron, 10 to 50kms deep.
• Mars is known as the "Red Planet" due to the oxidisation of its surface -- the rusting of the iron in its rocks, regolith, and dust.
• Mars is one of the brightest objects visible in Earth's night sky, with an average magnitude of 0.71. (For comparison, the Moon's is -10.79, and Venus' is -4.14.) Due to its prominent albedo features, it's a popular subject for telescope viewing, both professional and amateur!
• Due to its visibility in Earth's night sky, humanity has been aware of Mars' existence since prehistoric times, and aware that it was more than a mere star since the time of the ancient Egyptians. The first person who conceptualised Mars as an actual planet was more than likely to be Polish polymath Nicolaus Copernicus, when he released his model of the universe in 1543. The first person who observed the planet through a telescope was Italian polymath Galileo Galilei, in 1609, and the first person to make detailed observations of the planet through a telescope was Dutch astronomer Christian Huygens, fifty years later.
• It was also the ancient Egyptians who gave Mars one of its first recorded names -- Har Decher, meaning "the Red One".
• Mars' names in Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean all translate to the same thing -- fire star. They are, respectively, 火星(かせい) (Kasei), 火星 (Mandarin Huǒxīng -- Cantonese Fo²sing¹), Sao Hoả, and 화성 (Hwaseong).
• The planet has two natural satellites, or moons, named Phobos and Deimos, after the Greek god Ares' (known as Mars to the Romans) twin sons. They're both irregular, unlike our own Moon, and are very much smaller. Phobos is the larger of the two, being slightly more than twice the size of Deimos, and is much closer to the planet. The twin moons were both disovered in the August of 1877, by American astronomer Asaph Hall.